What term describes the presence of blood in vomit?

The term for the presence of blood in vomit is hematemesis. This condition is characterized by the expulsion of blood or blood-stained material from the gastrointestinal tract through vomiting. It typically indicates bleeding that originates from the upper part of the digestive system, which can include the esophagus, stomach, or duodenum.

Understanding this term is important for medical professionals, as it can help in diagnosing the cause of gastrointestinal bleeding and the urgency of the condition. Hematemesis may signify serious issues such as peptic ulcers, esophageal varices, or significant trauma to the gastrointestinal tract.

The other terms have distinct meanings: hemoptysis refers to the coughing up of blood from the respiratory tract, hematochezia describes the passage of fresh blood through the anus, often indicating lower gastrointestinal bleeding, and melena refers to black, tarry stools that result from the digestion of blood in the gastrointestinal tract, usually indicating bleeding that has occurred higher up in the digestive system.