What is the term used for a surgical incision into a cavity or organ?

The term for a surgical incision into a cavity or organ is laparotomy. This procedure typically involves opening the abdominal cavity for exploratory purposes or surgical intervention. It allows healthcare professionals to access internal organs to diagnose or treat various conditions. Laparotomy can be essential in situations where immediate surgical access is required, such as in cases of trauma, bleeding, or abdominal diseases.

Other terms like incision refer generally to any cut made during surgery but do not specify the context of accessing a cavity or organ. Extraction refers to the removal of a structure, such as a tooth, and resection means surgically removing a portion of an organ or tissue, which is not the same as making an incision into it. Hence, laparotomy is the most accurate term for the specific action of surgically opening up a cavity or organ.