What is the condition characterized by the accumulation of blood in the pleural cavity?

The condition characterized by the accumulation of blood in the pleural cavity is known as a hemothorax. This occurs when blood collects in the space between the chest wall and the lungs, often due to trauma, such as a rib fracture or penetrating injury, or following surgery. In a hemothorax, the presence of blood can lead to respiratory distress, decreased lung function, and may require medical intervention to remove the blood and stabilize the patient.

Other conditions listed do not describe the accumulation of blood in the pleural cavity. Ischemia refers to insufficient blood supply to tissues, often leading to tissue damage. An infarct is a localized area of tissue death due to a lack of blood supply, commonly seen in the heart (myocardial infarction) or brain (cerebral infarction). A keloid is an overgrowth of scar tissue at the site of a healed skin injury, unrelated to blood accumulation in any cavity. Understanding these distinctions helps in identifying and appropriately responding to various medical conditions.