What does the abbreviation "COPD" include as its primary illnesses?

The abbreviation "COPD" stands for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, which primarily includes chronic bronchitis and emphysema. These conditions are characterized by long-term breathing problems and poor airflow, making them foundational to the diagnosis of COPD. Chronic bronchitis involves inflammation and narrowing of the air passages, leading to persistent cough and mucus production. Emphysema results in damage to the air sacs in the lungs, causing difficulty in breathing due to reduced surface area for gas exchange. Together, these two illnesses encapsulate the primary aspects of COPD, highlighting the significance of understanding respiratory conditions for effective medical practice.