What does "retracted TM" describe?

"Retracted TM" refers to an inward curve of the tympanic membrane. This condition often occurs due to negative pressure in the middle ear, which can result from factors such as eustachian tube dysfunction or fluid accumulation. When the pressure in the middle ear is lower than the pressure in the outer ear, the tympanic membrane is pulled inward, creating a retracted appearance. This is a significant finding in otitis media assessments as it can indicate underlying issues needing further evaluation or treatment.

While an outward curve of the tympanic membrane would suggest a different state, such as bulging due to fluid buildup, a normal tympanic membrane would appear flat and in its usual position, and a tympanic membrane with perforation would show an abnormal opening rather than a retraction. Each of these conditions presents distinct characteristics that are crucial for accurate diagnosis and management in clinical practice.