What does CAD stand for in a medical context?

In the medical context, CAD stands for Coronary Artery Disease. This condition occurs when the coronary arteries, which supply blood to the heart muscle, become narrowed or blocked due to the buildup of plaque, which is made up of fat, cholesterol, and other substances. As a result, the heart may not receive enough blood and oxygen, especially during physical activity or stress. This lack of blood flow can lead to chest pain (angina), heart attacks, and other serious cardiovascular problems.

Coronary Artery Disease is a significant health concern, as it is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Understanding CAD is essential for healthcare professionals, as early detection and management can greatly improve patient outcomes. Treatment typically includes lifestyle modifications, medications, and sometimes surgical interventions to restore adequate blood flow to the heart.