What condition is characterized by plaque building up in blood vessels?

Atherosclerosis is the condition characterized by the buildup of plaque in the arteries. This plaque is primarily composed of fat, cholesterol, and other substances found in the blood. Over time, as plaque accumulates, it can harden and narrow the arteries, potentially leading to reduced blood flow. This narrowing increases the risk of heart attacks and strokes.

While conditions like coronary artery disease and myocardial infarction are related to atherosclerosis, they are specific outcomes or complications of plaque buildup. Coronary artery disease refers specifically to the narrowing of arteries that supply blood to the heart, often caused by atherosclerosis, and myocardial infarction refers to a heart attack, which can occur as a direct result of atherosclerosis blocking blood flow. Acute coronary syndrome is a term used to describe a range of conditions associated with sudden, reduced blood flow to the heart, also stemming from atherosclerosis. However, atherosclerosis itself is the foundational issue that initiates these subsequent conditions.

Thus, identifying atherosclerosis as the primary condition responsible for plaque buildup provides a clear understanding of the underlying pathology that can lead to more serious cardiovascular events.