What condition is characterized by the formation of gallstones in the gallbladder?

Cholelithiasis is the medical term used to describe the formation of gallstones in the gallbladder. Gallstones are solid particles that form from bile components, typically cholesterol or bilirubin. When bile has too much cholesterol or bilirubin, or if the gallbladder does not empty properly, these substances can crystallize and develop into stones.

In contrast, cholecystitis refers to inflammation of the gallbladder, which can occur due to the presence of gallstones but is a different condition focused on inflammation rather than the formation of stones themselves. Cirrhosis is a chronic liver disease characterized by scarring of the liver tissue, while hepatitis refers to inflammation of the liver often caused by infections, toxic substances, or autoimmune diseases. Neither of these conditions specifically relates to the formation of gallstones. Therefore, cholelithiasis is the most accurate term for the condition in question.