In which situations is NSVD most commonly used?

NSVD, or Normal Spontaneous Vaginal Delivery, is specifically associated with the process of childbirth. This term refers to a delivery method in which a baby is born without any surgical intervention, typically occurring through the birth canal. It emphasizes the natural aspect of childbirth, where the labor progresses without the use of instruments such as forceps or a vacuum extractor, and usually does not involve medical interventions like cesarean sections.

In the context of the other options, the terms and procedures referenced relate to different fields of medicine and do not involve the natural process of delivering a baby. Surgical procedures, cardiovascular assessments, and pulmonary examinations are more clinical or diagnostic in nature and do not pertain to the vaginal delivery process in any manner. Therefore, the association of NSVD is distinctly accurate with childbirth.